:root{
    --bg:#ffffff;
    --text:#133250;
    --text-soft:#4d6478;
    --text-faint:#8299ab;
    --surface:#f4f7fa;
    --surface-2:#eaf0f4;
    --border:#dfe6ec;
    --teal:#12807f;
    --purple:#6a4bb3;
    --gradient: linear-gradient(120deg,#12807f 0%,#3a6ba0 50%,#6a4bb3 100%);
    --ink:#0c2438;
    --radius:14px;
    --maxw:1120px;
    --font-display:'Space Grotesk', 'Inter', sans-serif;
    --font-body:'Inter', sans-serif;
    --font-mono:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    --font-ar:'Amiri', serif;
  }

  *{box-sizing:border-box;}
  html{scroll-behavior:smooth;}
  body{
    margin:0;
    background:var(--bg);
    color:var(--text);
    font-family:var(--font-body);
    line-height:1.6;
    -webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;
  }
  a{color:inherit;}
  img{max-width:100%; display:block;}

  ::selection{background:#d7e9ec; color:var(--ink);}

  :focus-visible{
    outline:2px solid var(--purple);
    outline-offset:3px;
    border-radius:4px;
  }

  h1,h2,h3,h4{
    font-family:var(--font-display);
    color:var(--text);
    line-height:1.15;
    margin:0;
    letter-spacing:-0.01em;
  }

  .wrap{
    max-width:var(--maxw);
    margin:0 auto;
    padding:0 28px;
  }

  .eyebrow{
    font-family:var(--font-mono);
    font-size:12.5px;
    letter-spacing:0.14em;
    text-transform:uppercase;
    color:var(--teal);
    font-weight:600;
  }

  section{
    padding:88px 0;
    border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);
  }
  section:last-of-type{border-bottom:none;}

  /* ---------- Header ---------- */
  header{
    position:sticky;
    top:0;
    z-index:50;
    z-index:50;
    background:rgba(255,255,255,0.88);
    backdrop-filter:blur(10px);
    border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);
  }
  .nav{
    max-width:var(--maxw);
    margin:0 auto;
    padding:14px 28px;
    display:flex;
    align-items:center;
    justify-content:space-between;
    gap:20px;
  }
  .brand{
    display:flex;
    align-items:center;
    gap:10px;
    text-decoration:none;
  }
  .brand img{height:171px; width:auto;}
  .brand-word{
    font-family:var(--font-display);
    font-weight:700;
    font-size:19px;
    color:var(--text);display:none;
  }
  nav ul{
    list-style:none;
    display:flex;
    gap:28px;
    margin:0;
    padding:0;
  }
  nav ul li a{
    text-decoration:none;
    font-size:14.5px;
    font-weight:500;
    color:var(--text-soft);
    transition:color .15s ease;
  }
  nav ul li a:hover{color:var(--teal);}
  .nav-cta{
    display:flex;
    gap:10px;
    align-items:center;
  }
  .icon-btn{
    display:inline-flex;
    align-items:center;
    justify-content:center;
    width:38px; height:38px;
    border-radius:10px;
    border:1px solid var(--border);
    color:var(--text);
    text-decoration:none;
    transition:border-color .15s ease, transform .15s ease;
  }
  .icon-btn:hover{border-color:var(--teal); transform:translateY(-1px);}
  .navmenu{display:flex; align-items:center; gap:28px;}

  @media (max-width:820px){
    .navmenu ul{display:none;}
  }

  /* ---------- Buttons ---------- */
  .btn{
    display:inline-flex;
    align-items:center;
    gap:8px;
    padding:11px 20px;
    border-radius:999px;
    font-weight:600;
    font-size:14.5px;
    text-decoration:none;
    border:1px solid transparent;
    transition:transform .15s ease, box-shadow .15s ease, opacity .15s ease;
    cursor:pointer;
    font-family:var(--font-body);
  }
  .btn:hover{transform:translateY(-1px);}
  .btn-primary{
    background:var(--gradient);
    color:#fff;
    box-shadow:0 8px 20px -8px rgba(60,90,140,0.55);
  }
  .btn-primary:hover{box-shadow:0 12px 26px -8px rgba(60,90,140,0.65);}
  .btn-ghost{
    background:transparent;
    border-color:var(--border);
    color:var(--text);
  }
  .btn-ghost:hover{border-color:var(--teal); color:var(--teal);}
  .btn-small{padding:8px 14px; font-size:13px;}

  /* ---------- Hero ---------- */
  .hero{
    padding:84px 0 96px;
    border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);
    position:relative;
    overflow:hidden;
  }
  .hero::before{
    content:"";
    position:absolute;
    top:-220px; right:-220px;
    width:560px; height:560px;
    border-radius:50%;
    background:radial-gradient(circle at 30% 30%, rgba(18,128,127,0.10), rgba(106,75,179,0.05) 55%, transparent 70%);
    pointer-events:none;
  }
  .hero-grid{
    display:grid;
    grid-template-columns:1.15fr 0.85fr;
    gap:56px;
    align-items:center;
  }
  @media (max-width:900px){
    .hero-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
  }
  .hero h1{
    font-size:clamp(34px, 5vw, 54px);
    margin-top:16px;
  }
  .hero-sub{
    margin-top:20px;
    font-size:18px;
    color:var(--text-soft);
    max-width:52ch;
  }
  .hero-actions{
    margin-top:34px;
    display:flex;
    gap:14px;
    flex-wrap:wrap;
  }
  .hero-meta{
    margin-top:30px;
    display:flex;
    gap:22px;
    flex-wrap:wrap;
    font-family:var(--font-mono);
    font-size:12.5px;
    color:var(--text-faint);
  }
  .hero-meta span{display:flex; align-items:center; gap:7px;}
  .dot{width:6px; height:6px; border-radius:50%; background:var(--gradient);}

  /* ---------- Annotation showcase card (signature element) ---------- */
  .showcase{
    background:var(--surface);
    border:1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius:var(--radius);
    padding:26px 26px 22px;
    position:relative;
  }
  .showcase-label{
    font-family:var(--font-mono);
    font-size:11.5px;
    color:var(--text-faint);
    text-transform:uppercase;
    letter-spacing:.1em;
    margin-bottom:14px;
    display:flex;
    justify-content:space-between;
  }
  .ar-sentence{
    direction:rtl;
    font-family:var(--font-ar);
    font-size:26px;
    line-height:2.1;
    color:var(--ink);
    text-align:right;
    margin:6px 0 4px;
  }
  .ar-sentence .mrw{
    background:linear-gradient(180deg, transparent 60%, rgba(18,128,127,0.28) 60%);
    padding:0 2px;
    border-radius:3px;
  }
  .ar-sentence .span-underline{
    border-bottom:2px solid var(--purple);
    padding-bottom:2px;
  }
  .gloss{
    font-size:14px;
    color:var(--text-soft);
    font-style:italic;
    border-top:1px dashed var(--border);
    margin-top:14px;
    padding-top:14px;
  }
  .chip-row{
    display:flex;
    gap:8px;
    margin-top:18px;
    flex-wrap:wrap;
  }
  .stage-row{
    display:flex;
    align-items:center;
    gap:10px;
    flex-wrap:wrap;
    margin-top:12px;
  }
  .stage-row:first-of-type{margin-top:18px;}
  .stage-row-label{
    font-family:var(--font-mono);
    font-size:11.5px;
    color:var(--text-faint);
    min-width:50px;
  }
  .chip{
    font-family:var(--font-mono);
    font-size:11.5px;
    padding:5px 10px;
    border-radius:999px;
    border:1px solid var(--border);
    background:#fff;
    color:var(--text-soft);
  }
  .chip.active{
    border-color:var(--purple);
    color:var(--purple);
    background:#f4effb;
    font-weight:600;
  }

  /* ---------- Lay summary ---------- */
  .lede{
    font-size:20px;
    color:var(--text);
    max-width:74ch;
    font-weight:400;
  }
  .lede strong{font-weight:600;}

  /* ---------- Two-column intro under lay summary ---------- */
  .stat-row{
    display:grid;
    grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);
    gap:20px;
    margin-top:48px;
  }
  @media (max-width:760px){ .stat-row{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);} }
  .stat{
    padding:20px 0 0;
    border-top:1px solid var(--border);
  }
  .stat b{
    display:block;
    font-family:var(--font-display);
    font-size:26px;
    color:var(--teal);
  }
  .stat span{
    font-size:13.5px;
    color:var(--text-soft);
  }

  /* ---------- Framework / pipeline ---------- */
  .stage-track{
    display:grid;
    grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;
    gap:24px;
    margin-top:44px;
  }
  @media (max-width:820px){ .stage-track{grid-template-columns:1fr;} }
  .stage-card{
    background:var(--surface);
    border:1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius:var(--radius);
    padding:28px;
    position:relative;
  }
  .stage-num{
    font-family:var(--font-mono);
    font-size:12px;
    color:#fff;
    background:var(--gradient);
    width:26px; height:26px;
    border-radius:8px;
    display:inline-flex;
    align-items:center;
    justify-content:center;
    margin-bottom:14px;
  }
  .stage-card h3{font-size:19px; margin-bottom:8px;}
  .stage-card p{color:var(--text-soft); font-size:14.5px; margin:0;}
  .stage-arrow{
    display:flex;
    align-items:center;
    justify-content:center;
    color:var(--text-faint);
  }
  .stage-tags{
    display:flex;
    flex-wrap:wrap;
    gap:6px;
    margin-top:16px;
  }
  .stage-tags span{
    font-family:var(--font-mono);
    font-size:11px;
    padding:4px 8px;
    border-radius:6px;
    background:#fff;
    border:1px solid var(--border);
    color:var(--text-soft);
  }

  /* ---------- Rhetorical categories ---------- */
  .cat-grid{
    display:grid;
    grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);
    gap:22px;
    margin-top:44px;
  }
  @media (max-width:900px){ .cat-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;} }
  .cat-card{
    border:1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius:var(--radius);
    padding:26px;
    transition:border-color .15s ease, transform .15s ease;
  }
  .cat-card:hover{border-color:var(--teal); transform:translateY(-2px);}
  .cat-ar{
    font-family:var(--font-ar);
    font-size:30px;
    color:var(--ink);
    direction:rtl;
  }
  .cat-name{
    font-family:var(--font-display);
    font-size:20px;
    margin-top:10px;
    font-weight:600;
  }
  .cat-en{
    font-size:13px;
    color:var(--text-faint);
    font-family:var(--font-mono);
    margin-top:2px;
  }
  .cat-desc{
    margin-top:14px;
    font-size:14.5px;
    color:var(--text-soft);
  }

  /* ---------- Publication ---------- */
  .pub-grid{
    display:grid;
    grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;
    gap:24px;
    margin-top:40px;
  }
  @media (max-width:820px){ .pub-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;} }
  .code-card{
    background:var(--ink);
    border-radius:var(--radius);
    padding:22px;
    position:relative;
    color:#dceaf0;
  }
  .code-card .code-head{
    display:flex;
    justify-content:space-between;
    align-items:center;
    margin-bottom:14px;
  }
  .code-card .code-head span{
    font-family:var(--font-mono);
    font-size:11.5px;
    color:#8fb9c4;
    text-transform:uppercase;
    letter-spacing:.08em;
  }
  .copy-btn, .copy-btn1 {
    font-family:var(--font-mono);
    font-size:11.5px;
    background:rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
    color:#dceaf0;
    border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.16);
    border-radius:7px;
    padding:5px 10px;
    cursor:pointer;
    transition:background .15s ease;
  }
  .copy-btn:hover{background:rgba(255,255,255,0.16);}
  .code-card pre{
    margin:0;
    font-family:var(--font-mono);
    font-size:13px;
    line-height:1.7;
    white-space:pre-wrap;
    word-break:break-word;
    color:#dceaf0;
  }
  .citation-card{
    background:var(--surface);
    border:1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius:var(--radius);
    padding:22px;
  }
  .citation-card .code-head span{color:var(--text-faint);}
  .citation-card p{
    font-size:14.5px;
    color:var(--text);
    line-height:1.8;
  }
  .venue-line{
    margin-top:16px;
    padding-top:16px;
    border-top:1px dashed var(--border);
    font-size:13.5px;
    color:var(--text-soft);
  }
  .venue-line a{color:var(--teal); text-decoration:none; font-weight:600;}
  .venue-line a:hover{text-decoration:underline;}

  /* ---------- Authors ---------- */
  .author-grid{
    display:grid;
    grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);
    gap:16px;
    margin-top:40px;
  }
  @media (max-width:820px){ .author-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);} }
  @media (max-width:560px){ .author-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;} }
  .author-card{
    border:1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius:12px;
    padding:18px 20px;
    display:flex;
    align-items:center;
    justify-content:space-between;
    gap:10px;
    text-decoration:none;
    transition:border-color .15s ease, background .15s ease;
  }
  .author-card.linked:hover{border-color:var(--purple); background:#faf8fd;}
  .author-name{
    font-weight:600;
    font-size:15px;
    color:var(--text);
  }
  .author-tag{
    font-family:var(--font-mono);
    font-size:11px;
    color:var(--text-faint);
  }
  .author-arrow{color:var(--purple); font-size:16px;}

  /* ---------- Resources ---------- */
  .res-grid{
    display:grid;
    grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);
    gap:20px;
    margin-top:40px;
  }
  @media (max-width:820px){ .res-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;} }
  .res-card{
    border:1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius:var(--radius);
    padding:24px;
    text-decoration:none;
    display:block;
    transition:border-color .15s ease, transform .15s ease;
  }
  .res-card:hover{border-color:var(--teal); transform:translateY(-2px);}
  .res-card .eyebrow{margin-bottom:10px; display:block;}
  .res-card h4{font-size:17px; margin-bottom:6px;}
  .res-card p{font-size:13.5px; color:var(--text-soft); margin:0;}
  .res-card.disabled{
    border-style:dashed;
    cursor:default;
  }
  .res-card.disabled:hover{border-color:var(--border); transform:none;}
  .res-card.disabled .eyebrow{color:var(--text-faint);}
  .res-card.disabled h4{color:var(--text-faint);}
  .res-card.disabled p{color:var(--text-faint);}
 

  /* ---------- Footer ---------- */
  footer{
    padding:48px 0 60px;
  }
  .footer-grid{
    display:flex;
    justify-content:space-between;
    align-items:flex-end;
    gap:24px;
    flex-wrap:wrap;
  }
  .footer-brand{display:flex; align-items:center; gap:10px;}
  .footer-brand img{height:100px;width:auto;}
  .footer-brand span{font-family:var(--font-display); font-weight:700; font-size:16px;display:none}
  footer .fine{font-size:13px; color:var(--text-faint);}
  footer a.mail{color:var(--teal); text-decoration:none; font-weight:600;}
  footer a.mail:hover{text-decoration:underline;}
  .footer-links{display:flex; gap:20px; flex-wrap:wrap;}
  .footer-links a{font-size:13.5px; color:var(--text-soft); text-decoration:none;}
  .footer-links a:hover{color:var(--teal);}

  @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){
    html{scroll-behavior:auto;}
    *{transition:none !important;}
  }